@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@400;500&family=IBM+Plex+Sans:wght@400;500;600&family=JetBrains+Mono:wght@400;500&family=Source+Serif+4:ital,opsz,wght@0,8..60,400;0,8..60,500;0,8..60,600;1,8..60,400&display=swap');

/* Color Schemes and Variables */
:root {
  color-scheme: light dark;
}

/* Light Theme Variables */
:root[data-theme="light"] {
  --bg-color: #faf9f6;
  --text-color: #111111;
  --text-muted: #555555;
  --accent-color: #ea580c;
  --border-color: #d4d4d4;
  --border-light: #e5e5e5;
  --code-bg: #f4f3ef;
  --inline-code-bg: #eceae5;
  --card-bg: #faf9f6;
  --card-hover-border: #ea580c;
  --button-hover-bg: #eceae5;
  --toc-active-bg: #f4f3ef;
  --callout-bg: #f4f3ef;
}

/* Dark Theme Variables */
:root[data-theme="dark"] {
  --bg-color: #060913;
  --text-color: #f1f5f9;
  --text-muted: #94a3b8;
  --accent-color: #f97316;
  --border-color: #1e293b;
  --border-light: #151e2e;
  --code-bg: #0d1324;
  --inline-code-bg: #151e2e;
  --card-bg: #060913;
  --card-hover-border: #f97316;
  --button-hover-bg: #151e2e;
  --toc-active-bg: #0d1324;
  --callout-bg: #0d1324;
}

/* System-based fallback (defaults) */
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
    --bg-color: #060913;
    --text-color: #f1f5f9;
    --text-muted: #94a3b8;
    --accent-color: #f97316;
    --border-color: #1e293b;
    --border-light: #151e2e;
    --code-bg: #0d1324;
    --inline-code-bg: #151e2e;
    --card-bg: #060913;
    --card-hover-border: #f97316;
    --button-hover-bg: #151e2e;
    --toc-active-bg: #0d1324;
    --callout-bg: #0d1324;
  }
}

@media (prefers-color-scheme: light) {
  :root:not([data-theme="dark"]) {
    --bg-color: #faf9f6;
    --text-color: #111111;
    --text-muted: #555555;
    --accent-color: #ea580c;
    --border-color: #d4d4d4;
    --border-light: #e5e5e5;
    --code-bg: #f4f3ef;
    --inline-code-bg: #eceae5;
    --card-bg: #faf9f6;
    --card-hover-border: #ea580c;
    --button-hover-bg: #eceae5;
    --toc-active-bg: #f4f3ef;
    --callout-bg: #f4f3ef;
  }
}

/* Global Reset & Box Sizing */
*, *::before, *::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

html {
    scrollbar-gutter: stable;
}

html {
  font-size: 16px;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  background-color: var(--bg-color);
  color: var(--text-color);
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
}

body {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.5;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  min-height: 100vh;
  padding-top: 64px; /* Ensure content clears fixed navbar */
}

/* Typography Elements */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  color: var(--text-color);
  margin-top: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

h1 {
  font-size: 2rem;
  margin-top: 0;
}

h2 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  padding-bottom: 0.3em;
}

h3 {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

a {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Structural Components */
header.site-header {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  z-index: 1000;
  background-color: var(--bg-color);
  height: 64px;
}

.navbar {
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 1.5rem;
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  position: relative;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.navbar-brand {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--text-color);
}

.navbar-brand:hover {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.navbar-menu {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.navbar-menu a {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.navbar-menu a:hover,
.navbar-menu a.active {
  color: var(--text-color);
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Theme Toggle Button */
.theme-toggle-btn {
  background: none;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  color: var(--text-muted);
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.25rem;
  transition: all 0.15s ease;
}

.theme-toggle-btn:hover {
  color: var(--text-color);
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  background-color: var(--button-hover-bg);
}

.menu-toggle {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.24rem;
  background: none;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-radius: 0.35rem;
  padding: 0.4rem;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.menu-toggle span {
  display: block;
  width: 1.05rem;
  height: 1px;
  background-color: var(--text-color);
}

/* Main Layout */
main {
  flex: 1;
  width: 100%;
}

.container {
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 4rem 1.5rem 3rem 1.5rem;
}

/* Footer styling */
footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
  background-color: var(--bg-color);
  position: sticky;
  bottom: 0;
  z-index: 900;
}

.footer-content {
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.footer-brand {
  color: var(--text-color);
}

.footer-meta {
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* Generic Centered Page Layout (Single Column) */
.page-centered {
  max-width: 65ch;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

/* Page Title styling */
.page-title {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  font-size: 2.2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero-open {
  margin: 1rem 0 2.5rem;
  padding: 0;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.hero-eyebrow {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent-color);
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.hero-name {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 3.8vw, 3.1rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1.05;
  margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
}

.hero-desc {
  max-width: 70ch;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  color: var(--text-color);
  margin-bottom: 1.1rem;
}

.hero-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.hero-links {
  color: var(--text-color);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  padding-bottom: 0.1rem;
}

.hero-links:hover {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Custom styled bullets for hero / main list */
ul.clean-list {
  list-style-type: square;
  padding-left: 1.2rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

ul.clean-list li {
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 1rem;
}

/* Standalone Vertical Blocks */
.hero-statement {
  font-family: 'Source Serif 4', Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-style: italic;
  margin: 1.5rem 0;
  line-height: 1.5;
  display: block;
}

hr.subtle-hr {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  margin: 2.5rem 0;
}

/* Prose/Reader Layout (65ch) */
.prose {
  font-family: 'Source Serif 4', 'Literata', 'Charter', Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--text-color);
  text-align: left;
}

.prose p {
  margin-bottom: 1.25em;
}

.prose h1, .prose h2, .prose h3, .prose h4 {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.prose ul, .prose ol {
  margin-bottom: 1.25em;
  padding-left: 1.5em;
}

.prose li {
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}

.prose code {
  font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.85em;
  background-color: var(--inline-code-bg);
  padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.prose pre {
  margin-bottom: 1.5em;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  background-color: #0d1324; /* Rouge Dark Theme (Always Dark) */
  padding: 1rem;
  overflow-x: auto;
  position: relative; /* For copy button */
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.prose pre code {
  font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  background-color: transparent;
  border: none;
  padding: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  color: #abb2bf;
}

/* Rouge Dark Theme Highlighting (Always Dark) */
.highlight, pre.highlight {
  background-color: #0d1324 !important;
  color: #abb2bf !important;
  font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace !important;
  font-size: 0.8rem !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
  position: relative; /* For copy button */
}

/* Rouge Tokens mapping */
.highlight .k, .highlight .kd, .highlight .kn, .highlight .kp, .highlight .kr { color: #f8c555 !important; }
.highlight .kt, .highlight .nc, .highlight .nd, .highlight .nt { color: #e5c07b !important; }
.highlight .nf, .highlight .fm, .highlight .na, .highlight .nb { color: #61afef !important; }
.highlight .c, .highlight .c1, .highlight .cm { color: #5c6370 !important; font-style: italic !important; }
.highlight .s, .highlight .s1, .highlight .s2, .highlight .sb, .highlight .sc, .highlight .sd, .highlight .se, .highlight .sh, .highlight .si, .highlight .sx, .highlight .sr { color: #98c379 !important; }
.highlight .m, .highlight .mi, .highlight .mf, .highlight .mh, .highlight .mo, .highlight .il, .highlight .mb, .highlight .mx { color: #d19a66 !important; }
.highlight .o, .highlight .ow { color: #56b6c2 !important; }
.highlight .err { color: #e06c75 !important; }

/* Copy Code Button styling */
.copy-code-btn {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0.5rem;
  right: 0.5rem;
  background: transparent;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  padding: 0.2rem 0.4rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.15s ease;
  z-index: 10;
}
.copy-code-btn:hover {
  color: var(--text-color);
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
}
.copy-code-btn.copied {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* Admonitions styling */
.admonition {
  margin: 1.5rem 0;
  padding: 1rem;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--border-color);
  background-color: var(--callout-bg);
  font-family: 'Source Serif 4', Georgia, serif;
  position: relative;
}

.admonition::before {
  display: block;
  font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: bold;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.admonition.tip {
  border-left: 3px solid #10b981;
}
.admonition.tip::before {
  content: "TIP";
  color: #10b981;
}

.admonition.warning {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent-color);
}
.admonition.warning::before {
  content: "WARNING";
  color: var(--accent-color);
}

.admonition.danger {
  border-left: 3px solid #ef4444;
}
.admonition.danger::before {
  content: "DANGER";
  color: #ef4444;
}

.admonition.note {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--text-muted);
}
.admonition.note::before {
  content: "NOTE";
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.prose blockquote {
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-color);
  padding-left: 1rem;
  margin-left: 0;
  margin-bottom: 1.25em;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-style: italic;
}

.prose img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  margin: 1.5rem 0;
  display: block;
}

/* Tables in Prose */
.prose table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.prose th, .prose td {
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  padding: 0.6rem 0.8rem;
  text-align: left;
}

.prose th {
  background-color: var(--code-bg);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.prose tr:nth-child(even) td {
  background-color: var(--border-light);
}

/* Back Button Component */
.back-link {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.25rem;
}

.back-link:hover {
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Metadata elements */
.post-header {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  align-items: center;
  text-align: center;
}

.post-title {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  font-size: 2.2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.post-metadata {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin: 0;
}

/* Grid and Card Layouts */
.grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }
}

.card {
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  background-color: var(--card-bg);
  padding: 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  transition: border-color 0.15s ease;
}

.card:hover {
  border-color: var(--card-hover-border);
}

.card-title {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.card-description {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  flex-grow: 1;
}

.card-tech {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.4rem;
}

.tech-tag {
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  padding: 0.1rem 0.4rem;
}

.card-actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

/* Button UI */
.btn {
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  background-color: transparent;
  color: var(--text-color);
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.25rem;
  transition: all 0.15s ease;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.btn:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  color: var(--text-color);
  background-color: var(--button-hover-bg);
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Layout with Sidebar for TOC */
.layout-with-sidebar {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2rem;
}

@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .layout-with-sidebar {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 65ch 250px;
    gap: 3rem;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 100%;
  }

  .sidebar-container {
    grid-column: 2;
    position: sticky;
    top: 6rem;
    max-height: calc(100vh - 8rem);
    overflow-y: auto;
    border-left: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding-left: 1.5rem;
  }

  .layout-with-sidebar .prose-content {
    grid-column: 1;
    margin: 0;
    max-width: 65ch;
    width: 100%;
  }
}

/* TOC Styling */
.toc {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.toc-title {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.toc ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding-left: 0;
}

.toc li {
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.toc a {
  color: var(--text-muted);
  display: block;
  transition: color 0.15s ease, border-color 0.15s ease;
}

.toc a:hover {
  color: var(--text-color);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.toc a.active {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* Nested headings in TOC */
.toc-h3 {
  padding-left: 0.8rem;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--border-light);
  margin-left: 0.1rem;
}

/* Blog Listing */
.blog-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.blog-item {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.blog-item:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.blog-item-title {
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.blog-item-meta {
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Sans', sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.blog-item-tags {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.4rem;
}

.blog-tag {
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  font-family: 'IBM Plex Mono', monospace;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  padding: 0 0.3rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.blog-item-desc {
  font-family: 'Source Serif 4', Georgia, serif;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  color: var(--text-color);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Math rendering wrapper */
.math-block {
  overflow-x: auto;
  padding: 1rem 0;
  margin: 1.25em 0;
}

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 1000;

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .navbar {
    padding: 0 1rem;
  }

  .menu-toggle {
    display: inline-flex;
  }

  .navbar-menu {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    right: 1rem;
    left: 1rem;
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    padding: 1rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    z-index: 1100;
  }

  .navbar-menu a,
  .theme-toggle-btn {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: flex-start;
  }

  .navbar-menu.open {
    display: flex;
  }

  footer {
    display: none;
  }
}
}